Georgia is a small but historically rich country located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia. In 2025, its population continues to evolve under the influence of demographic, social and economic factors. Let's take a closer look at the main aspects of the size, composition and dynamics of the population of this country.
Population
According to the latest data for 2025, the population of Georgia is about 3.7 million people. This value shows a gradual decline in numbers over the past decades, caused by factors such as migration, declining birth rates and an aging population. Despite these challenges, Georgia remains an attractive country for emigrants, especially from neighboring countries.
Demographic composition
The population of Georgia is highly ethnically diverse. The core is made up of Georgians, who represent about 86% of the population. Other ethnic groups include:
Azerbaijanis — about 6.2%;
Armenians — 4.5%;
Russians, Ossetians, Greeks and others — about 3.3%.
This mosaic of ethnic composition gives Georgia a unique cultural identity.
Urbanization
In 2025, urbanization in Georgia continues to grow. About 60% of the population lives in cities, the largest of which are:
Tbilisi is the capital and largest city of the country with a population of over 1.2 million.
Batumi is an important port and tourist center with a population of about 200 thousand.
Kutaisi is the third largest city, famous for its history and cultural attractions.
The rural population, which makes up the remaining 40%, faces a number of challenges, such as the outflow of young people to the cities and a decline in the level of infrastructure in the villages.
Age structure
Georgia is experiencing an aging population. The average age of residents is about 38 years. The age structure is as follows:
Children and adolescents (0-14 years) — 18%;
Working-age population (15-64 years) — 62%;
Elderly people (65 years and older) — 20%.
The aging population puts a strain on the pension system and healthcare, requiring the introduction of new social programs.
Migration
Migration processes play an important role in the demographic dynamics of Georgia. Many young Georgians leave the country in search of work and better opportunities abroad, which leads to a negative migration balance. However, in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of emigrants returning to the country, as well as an increase in the flow of foreign citizens coming to work and study.
Fertility and mortality
The birth rate in 2025 is about 1.7 children per woman, which is below the replacement level. Mortality in the country is gradually decreasing due to the improvement of the level of medicine and living conditions. However, the problem of high emigration and low birth rate remains relevant.
Economic and social aspects
The economic situation in Georgia directly affects demographic processes. Infrastructure development, access to education and healthcare play a key role in improving the quality of life. The government is actively working to stimulate the birth rate by creating programs to support families with children.
Future forecasts
Demographic experts predict that Georgia's population may decrease to 3.5 million by 2030 if current trends continue. However, economic development, improved quality of life and effective migration policy can slow down this process and even reverse it.
Results
The population of Georgia in 2025 reflects the difficult demographic situation typical of many post-Soviet countries. Despite the challenges, the country maintains a unique cultural identity and strives to create conditions for sustainable development. Demographic issues remain an important part of national policy, shaping the future of Georgia as a modern and dynamic country.