If only you were a narwhal.

Nietzsche believed that animals do not experience pleasure and pain as deeply as we do because they lack intelligence. Nietzsche’s life teaches us that thinking too deeply is not always beneficial.

As Nietzsche said, humans, unlike animals, must believe that their existence has a purpose, but such a view brings nothing but misery. Animals do not need to draw causal conclusions because they have the power of associative learning - for example, pigeons are better radiologists thanks to their ability to associative learning.

What is intelligence? What is good about human intelligence? What would have happened if Nietzsche had been a simpler animal? What would have happened if he had not been able to contemplate the essence of existence? Is our mind the ultimate achievement of evolution? In answering these and other questions, scientist Justin Gregg argues that all animals have consciousness and subjective experience; they perceive time and make plans for the future, even if those plans span a few seconds.